juanfcruzm's Identifications

See https://www.biodiversity4all.org/observations/111789190.

SPECIES: Graphis duplicata
DATE: 12/06/2016
SPECIMEN Nº: 2016/757
PLACE: Mata Nacional do Bussaco, Aveiro, Portugal
HABITAT: Mixed forest with many different trees (from all over the world)
SUBSTRATE: tree bark
MICRO FEATURES
Striation: Striate
Carbonization: Lateral
Inspersion: Clear
Ascospores: Transverse – small
GROUP No.: 15
CHEMISTRY: K-
ASCOSPORES DIMENSIONS:
Not registered, only few observed, small

EVOLUTION IN THE KEY OF Ref.1 (see bellow):
Group 15: Labia striate, excipulum laterally carbonized, hymenium clear,
ascospores transversely septate

1 No substances (K−) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
8(1) Ascospores small to medium-sized (15–70 µm long); lirellae variable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
10(8) Lirellae erumpent to prominent, lacking thalline margin or with basal to lateral thalline margin . . . 11
11(10) Ascospores small (15–45 × 6–9 µm) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
13(11) Lirellae erumpent to prominent, lacking thalline margin or with basal thalline
margin, elongate and irregularly branched (striatula-morph); pantropical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Graphis duplicata Ach.

A. Excipulum laterally carbonized; lirellae lacking thalline margin; ascospores 7–11-septate,
25–45 × 6–8 µm [lectotype (Staiger 2002): South America, s.col. (H-Acharius 58 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Graphis duplicata Ach.
B. Excipulum laterally (to almost completely) carbonized; lirellae with basal thalline margin;
ascospores 7–13-septate, 25–45 × 7–9 µm [syntypes: Indonesia (Java), s.col. (G!)] . . . . . . . . . . . . . Graphis schizograpta Müll. Arg.
C. Excipulum laterally carbonized; lirellae lacking thalline margin; ascospores 7–9-septate, 25–35 × 6–8 µm
[holotype: China, Handel-Mazzetti 10213 (W!)] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Graphis lopingensis Zahlbr.
D. Excipulum laterally carbonized; lirellae lacking thalline margin; ascospores 9–11-septate, 25–30 × 7–8 µm
[holotype: China, Handel-Mazzetti 9103 (W!; isotype: S 2173!)] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Graphis lussuensis Zahlbr

INTERNAL LINKS:
none
EXTERNAL LINKS:
https://www.tropicallichens.net/3407.html
https://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20p?see=I_RL128&res=640
https://www.zobodat.at/pdf/STAPFIA_0107_0153-0161.pdf

REFERENCES:
Ref. 1 – Robert Lucking, Alan W. Archer, and André Aptroot : A world-wide key to the genus Graphis (Ostropales: Graphidaceae), The Lichenologist 41 (4): 363-452, 2009;
Ref. 2 – Robert Lucking: The taxonomy of the genus Graphis sensu Staiger (Ascomycota: Ostropales: Graphidaceae), The Lichenologist 41 (4): 319-362, 2009;
Ref. 3 – Robert Lücking, José L. Chaves, Harrie J. M. Sipman, Loengrin Umaña, and André Aptroot: A first assessment of the Ticolichen Biodiversity Inventory in Costa Rica: The genus Graphis, with notes in the genus Hemithecium (Ascomycota: Ostropales: Graphidaceae), Fieldiana Botany 46 (Jul 2008):1-126, 2009;
Ref. 4 – Zacarias Lepista and André Aptroot: Seven species of Graphis from Portugal reported new to Europe, The Lichenologist 48(4): 259–267 (2016).
Ref. 5 – Zacarias Lepista and André Aptroot: Five further species of Graphis reported new to Europe from Portugal, The Lichenologist 54 (2): 101–106 (2022).